easterly



J. EASTERLY.

Cooking Stove.

Patented Sept. 7. 1858.

io-hlhngnpher, Washington, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

.IAS. EASTERLY, OF ALBANY, NEYV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AED DENNIS G. LITTLEFIELD', OF SAME PLACE.

FLU'E OF ELEVATED-OVEN OOOKING-STOVES.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES EASTERLY, of Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Constructing the Flues of Stoves, designed for elevated or portable ovens, and combining therewith an oven with a descending flue for the purpose of more perfectly equalizing the heat over the surfaces of the stove and the oven; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists, in dividing the flue of the stove where the oven is to be set on, into three separate passages or tlues, the center passage to serve as a. direct outlet to the exit flue, when desirable to entirely avoid heating the oven, the side passages for conveying, as required, the products of combustion, and applying them for use, at each end of the oven to be placed thereon, and combining with flues thus arranged within the stove, an elevated, or portable oven, constructed with a descending flue, having its flue about the oven, an open space, or chamber; that the products of combustion, after entering the oven flue, may unite in one volume while passing around the oven flue to the exit pipe. That the heat may first be applied at the ends of the oven, and by the combined action of the flues in the stove, and the flue surrounding the oven, maintain a plenum throughout the oven flue, and equalize the heat over the whole surface of the oven, as well as the stove.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.

Of the annexed drawings, Figure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is an end view of a stove, and side view of the oven, with the top, and a part of the side plate removed; showing the space or chamber, from end to end, forming the flue about the oven. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of same. Fig. 5 is a plan of same, with the oven removed, showing the separate fines in the stove, and the manner of connecting them with the oven flue, and also the manner of connecting the oven flue with the exit flue. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of the oven, and a part of the stove, as it appears when the improvement applied, and the smoke pipe is to be connected at the top of the oven.

In constructing this improvement, any stove of the well known forms, having two, or four boiler holes, 1, 2, Fig. 5, or 1, 2 3, l, Fig. 2, may be adopted. The fuel box A, may be adapted to burn coal or wood, or both, varied as to length, form, and size, to meet the demand therefor. The flue B I divide into three separate passages,b y plates C O standing transverse, between the top and bottom plates, as shown at C Fig. 4, the center passage to serve as a direct flue to exit flue F. The side passages D D Fig. 5 communicate with the oven flue E E E. In the center passage is placed a damper G. \Vhen closed as in Fig. at, the products of combustion pass through the side passages D D to the oven flue E E E and uniting in one volume, pass around the oven, to the exit flue F, as shown by arrows in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6. By a change in position of damper G as shown by red dotted lines, the products of combustion pass without heating the oven, direct to exit 'rlue F, as shown by blue arrows Figs. 4 and 6.

To connect passages D D of the stove, to the oven flue E, orifices are made through the top plate of the stove, over each of the side passages. The whole size of the space under the oven as shown at D D Fig. 5, when the products of combustion are to pass up the back side of the oven, but when intending to convey them to the front of the oven, about two thirds of the space only, should be removed, as shown by red dotted lines forming the square about D D Fig. 2. As a communication between the oven flue E, and exit flue F, an orifice is made through the top of the stove, communicating with the center passage back of damper G, Fig. 5, and shown by red dotted lines about F Fig. 2. This central opening through the top, connects the descending flue from the oven, with the exit flue, when the smoke pipe is connected to the stove back of the oven, but when it is to be connected at the top of the oven, as shown in Fig. 6, it serves to connect the central passage of the stove, with the exit flue, up the back of the oven; for the purpose of conveying the products of combustion to the exit pipe without heating the oven.

If desirable to apply this improvement so as to convey the products of combustion up the back of the oven, a flange or projection I I I I I Fig. 5, may be cast with, and connected to the top of the stove, extending up to meet the bottom of the oven, or separate plates may be fitted and answer the purpose, as shown at I Fig. 4, for the purposeof cutting off a direct communication between passages D D, and exit flue F, by closing the central passage with damper G, the products of combustionpass to the oven f flue through passages D D, uniting at the back of the oven, pass up, and around the oven to the exit flue F, as shown by arrows in Fig. l. If to conveythe products of combustion up the front of the oven, (instead of the back, as in Fig. 4,) a plate H, Fig. 6 showing a section, and by red dotted lines across Fig. 2, is placed betweenthe flues D D and exit flue F, extending from the top of the stove, to the bottom of the oven, cutting off any direct communication between passages D D, and F Fig. 2. This plate may be attached to the top of the stove, or to the bottom of the oven, as most convenient to the manufacturer. When made after this plan, the products of combustion, after entering the oven flue, may

unite in one volume at the bottom of the oven, pass up the front, over the top, down the back, to the exit flue F, which may be arranged to receive the smoke pipe by extending the top of the stove, back ofthe oven, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5, or a flue may be attached to the back side of the oven, outside and independent of the oven flue; communicating with the center passage in the stove, and also with the descending flue from the oven and extend to the top of the oven for the purpose of con necting the smoke pipe at that point.

The damperGr may be placed at the entrance of the center passage, or back near the exit flue, as shown in the drawing. I prefer the latter, as it tends to retain more heat within the stove, as owing to the. chamber formed in the center passage, serving to catch a large portion of the products of combustion, and hold them as it were in suspension at that point a considerable time. before they escape to the side passages D D, as indicated by red arrows on Fig. 5.

This improvement admits of the oven being made after a variety of forms, and styles. The most simple, is to construct the outside plates of cast iron, each side of which, may

be made in one whole plate, and cast from the same pattern. The top may also be made in one plate, with, or without boiler places, as shown by 5, 6, Fig. 2. The end plates, and also the oven doors, of cast iron. The inner cylinder, forming the inside of the oven, of sheet iron, connected to the castings at the ends, b a flange, cast on the end plates. Bolted together, in the ordinary manner, the oven is finished, for use.

It is obvious that elevated oven cooking stoves, with my improvement, may be constructed with modifications, besides those shown in the drawing.

It being immaterial which side of the oven, the products of combustion are flrst to pass; or at what point, of the stove, after the "oven is applied, that the smoke pipe is to be connected; if the principle and mode of applying. the heat at the ends of the oven, and passing the products of combustion around the oven in one volume, and discharging them from the base of the oven, to the exitflue; be combined; the combination, claimed as my invention, would be the same.

I am aware that stoves for elevated ovens have been constructed, with the flue so arranged, that the products of combustion were conveyed to flues passing up each end of an elevated oven, or the center flue, by a change in position of a damper in the flue of the stove. Such stoves, so far as I am acquainted, have not been used in combination with ovens having a descending flue, connecting with the exit flue at the base of the oven; but with those only, having the exit flue from the top, with the space around the oven divided by transverse plates into passages to serve as revertible flues;.receiving the products ofcombustion at the center passage, when the damper is open; when closed, receiving them at each end of the oven; passing up those flues, reverting down the adjoining passage, and uniting in the center flue, pass in one volume to the smoke pipe, placed at the top of the oven. The advantages of this arrangement of flues, are; that the heat is first applied at the endsof the oven, and is well retained about the oven, by the revertible flues. Its disadvantages, are; its complexity, expense of manufacture, difliculty of repairing, great tendency to become clogged with soot and ashes, difficulty of cleaning out, liability to overheat and burn out, as the products of com bustion must pass through the oven flue to reach the exit pi e, and much of the time, no uniformity of heat between the ends of the oven, as by a well known law of cause and effect, if the draft by the flue at either end of the oven, gets well established, the products of combustion may all pass through that flue, a considerable time, before the and top, the heat is at once diffused throughout the whole chamber, causing the flue at each end of the oven, to take an equal portion. of ,heat from the side passages in the stove, the oven readily becomes equally heated, over its whole surface.

I am also aware, that stoves designed for elevated ovens, have been used with ovens, having a descending flue communicating with the exit flue at its base. with the space about it, not divided by transverse plates. Such stoves and ovens, so far as I am acquainted, have not been constructed, with separate passages in the stove, to apply heat at separate points of the oven at the same time, and have a center passage to convey the products of combustion direct to the exit flue, when not desirable to heat the oven, but so constructed, that the products of combustion may pass from the stove to the flue surrounding the oven, or to the exit flue, in one volume. Its disadvantages are;

that the top plate of the stove at the center near the oven, becomes overheated, as the heat tends to concentrate at that point, and owing to the concentration of heat, the bottom and front side of the oven becomes overheated, so that it soon requires repairs, and there is a deficiency of heat at the back corners of the oven, as the products of combustion are drawn away from those points, on passing to the exit flue, and as a still further objection, a tendency, owing to the wide opening from the stove to the oven flue, for the heat to leave the stove, and apply itself to heat the oven more rapidly, than necessary for the purpose of baking, leaving a deficiency in the stove for boiling and other purposes, so that when necessary to use the stove for those purposes, to any considerable extent, if necessary to use the oven at the same time, it will be very liable to become overheated, and burn the viands placed therein, whereas, with my improved combination of fines, the products of combustion are equally divided on passing from the fuel box to the side passages of the sto\ 'e,causing a larger proportion of heat to be applied to use in the stove; as it is more equally distributed over the stoves surfaces,

and to the utensils placed thereon, for boiling, and for other purposes; and through the side passages from the stove, the heat is first applied to the oven, where most is required, there being a greater loss of heat, by radiation at the ends of the oven, than at its sides; and by the combination of flues in the stove, with an oven, having its exit flue from its base, and the space around it, on its sides and top, not divided by transverse plates; but an open chamber, thatthe heat may freely diffuse itself throughout the whole space. The whole surface of the oven, and the stove, becomes very equally heated.

I do not claim as my invention the dividing of the flue of the stove for conveying the products of combustion to separate flues placed at each end, of an elevated oven, or to the exit flue by a center passage; neither do I claim an elevated oven having a descending flue, with its flue space from end to end of the oven an open chamber; but what I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- Combining with flues D l), and a center passage arranged substantially as described within the stove, an elevated oven, having its flue space on its sides and top, an open chamber, in connection with a descending flue with its exit at the base; the whole arranged and operating substantially as described and made known.

J AMES EASTERLY.

Vitnesses V T. S. VAN HonvENBnncH, V. G. 12121). 

